Oral tablets

• Dosages: A recommended starting dose of Atarax, in the form of oral tablets, for anxiety or tension is about 50 to 100mg daily; the dose may be taken as smaller divided doses at intervals throughout the day.
• Sleep aid: For the purpose of treatment of insomnia, the doses are usually taken around 25-100mg before sleeping depending on how worse the condition is.
• Allergic conditions: In the case of allergic disorders like allergic rhinitis and other scratching conditions, a common dose is 25mg of the medication up to four times a day.

Oral Syrup

• The syrupic dosage form of Atarax, contains 10mg/5ml of the oral suspension. The dosages of the syrup would be akin to that of the tablets, the exact amount of which would be at the discretion of the physician.

Injectable Form

• Another form of Atarax usage is through injection usually however this happens within medical or hospital settings where the individual is being made dormant, relieving fears or when preparing the person for surgery. The dose will depend on the circumstances and the patient’s requirements.

Hydroxyzine exerts its action through hiethamine receptor antagonism in the central nervous system and elsewhere. Histamine is a molecule that Crystallizes in the structure of the immune response and allergic suffering. 

This is most clearly seen when the receptor is activated by histamine and the response includes itch, angioedema and other constituents of allergy. Hydroxyzine decreases the allergy response of pruritus, hives, and rhinorrhea through this mechanism by receptor blockade.

While hydroxyzine’s sedative properties are beneficial due to their pharmacological action in the central nervous system, their clinical usefulness depends on their street-legal availability.

 The anticholinergic action of the drug proves useful whereby the drug inhibits the action of acetylcholine which is a neurotransmitter necessary for different activities in the body including moods and alertness. This plays a role in the alleviation of anxiety or stress. Therefore, it is possible hydroxyzine has some mechanism of actions as an antiemetic.

Atarax is useful in the management of a number of symptoms, however it has some side effects, some of which can be severe. Common side effects include: 

• Drowsiness or sedation: As Atarax has sedative action, drowsiness is a typical side effect. This may hinder your ability to undertake certain activities where you need to be alert, for example driving or operating any machinery.
• Dry mouth: Like most antihistamines, hydroxyzine can induce dry mouth which can be quite unpleasant. 
• Dizziness or lightheadedness, more so upon standing up quickly. 
• Headaches.
• Blurred vision: Atarax has anticholinergic properties which may give you blurred vision or make focusing difficult for a short duration.
• Nausea or constipation: Some individuals may complain of stomach upset or other discomfort in the digestive system.

Drowsiness: Due to the sedative effects of Atarax, other central nervous system depressants, alcohol or sleeping pills, should be avoided without a doctor’s advice.

• Elderly patients: The elderly population may have heightened sensitivity to the sedative and anticholinergic effects of Atarax, therefore increasing the occurrence of fall, confusion or urinary retention.

• Operating machinery: Due to the sedative effect associated with this medication, drivig, operating heavy machineries, engaging in activities that require full concentration should be avoided until you know how Atarax affects you.

1. Central Nervous System Depressants: Atarax can enhance the sedative effects of other CNS depressants, such as alcohol, benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam, lorazepam), opioids (e.g., morphine, oxycodone), and barbiturates. This may lead to excessive drowsiness, respiratory depression, and impaired motor skills. Caution is advised when combining these medications.
2. Other Antihistamines: Taking Atarax with other antihistamines, either prescription or over-the-counter (e.g., diphenhydramine), may increase the risk of side effects like dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, and constipation due to additive anticholinergic effects. It’s recommended to avoid combining multiple antihistamines.
3. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): Atarax can interact with MAOIs (e.g., phenelzine, tranylcypromine), leading to an increased risk of serious side effects, including severe hypertension and serotonin syndrome. It is advised to avoid using Atarax within 14 days of discontinuing an MAOI.
4. Anticholinergic Medications: Combining Atarax with other anticholinergic drugs (such as certain antidepressants, antipsychotics, or bladder medications) may increase the risk of side effects like dry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision, and confusion, especially in older adults.

Always consult with a healthcare provider before taking Atarax with other medications to avoid potential interactions.

Atarax dosage is conditional upon age, response to treatment or condition being treated. 

• For anxiety or tension: 50-100 mg per day in smaller doses.
• For sleeplessness: 25-100mg to be taken before sleep.
• For allergic or itchy reaction: 25mg not more than 4 times a day.
• For nausea or vomiting: 25mg no more than 3 times a day.

The healthcare provider will determine the best doses suitable for you at any point in time and may modify the doses in the course of time.

Atarax is controlled substance and may be dispensed only with a doctor’s prescription. It means that a patient should refrain from self-medication and take the drug exclusively under the control of a doctor who will evaluate the benefits of the drug as opposed to its risks depending on the medical history and symptoms. Always stick to the recommended dosage and consult a doctor before stopping or changing the treatment without his recommendations.

1. What is Atarax?

   • Atarax is a prescription medication that contains hydroxyzine, an antihistamine used to treat anxiety, tension, allergies, and insomnia, as well as preoperative sedation.

2. How does Atarax work?

   • Atarax works by blocking histamine receptors in the brain, which helps reduce anxiety and produce a calming effect. It also has anticholinergic properties that contribute to its sedative effects.

3. What conditions is Atarax used to treat?

   • Atarax is primarily used for anxiety, allergic skin reactions such as hives, itching, and as a sedative for patients prior to surgery. It may also be used for sleep disorders.

4. What are the common side effects of Atarax?

   • Common side effects include drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, and blurred vision. Most side effects are mild and usually diminish with continued use.

5. How should Atarax be taken?

   • Atarax should be taken exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. It can be taken with or without food, but taking it with food may help reduce stomach upset.

6. Can Atarax be taken during pregnancy?

   • Atarax is classified as a Category C medication, meaning there is not enough safety data on humans. Consult your healthcare provider before using Atarax if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

7. Is Atarax safe for elderly patients?

   • Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the sedative effects of Atarax. Caution is advised, and doctors often start with a lower dose to minimize risks.

8. What should I do if I miss a dose of Atarax?

   • If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.

9. Can Atarax be taken with alcohol?

   • It’s advisable to avoid alcohol while taking Atarax, as it can enhance the sedative effects and potentially lead to increased drowsiness or other dangerous side effects.

10. What should I do if I experience severe side effects?

    • If you experience severe side effects, such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or severe dizziness, seek medical attention immediately.

11. Is Atarax addictive?

    • Atarax is not classified as a controlled substance and is generally not considered addictive. However, it’s important to use it only as prescribed to avoid dependency on its sedative effects.

12. How long does it take for Atarax to work?

    • While some effects, such as sedation, may be felt within 15 to 30 minutes, the full effect on anxiety may take longer, depending on the individual and the condition being treated.

13. Can Atarax be used for children?

    • Atarax may be prescribed for children, but dosage and administration should be closely supervised by a healthcare provider. It’s essential to discuss potential risks and benefits with a doctor.

14. Are there any drug interactions with Atarax?

    • Atarax can interact with other medications, including other sedatives, certain antidepressants, and medications that affect the central nervous system. Always inform your doctor about all medications you are taking.

15. Can Atarax cause withdrawal symptoms?

    • Although Hydroxyzine is not considered physically addictive, abrupt discontinuation may lead to rebound symptoms for some individuals who have used it long-term. Consult your doctor for tapering advice if needed.

16. What monitoring is required while taking Atarax?

    • Your healthcare provider may monitor your response to Atarax and check for side effects, particularly if you are elderly, have existing health conditions, or are taking other medications.

17. Can Atarax help with sleep disorders?

    • Yes, Atarax can be prescribed for short-term management of sleep disturbances due to its sedative properties, but it is not a first-line treatment for insomnia.

18. What alternatives are available to Atarax?

    • Alternatives to Atarax for anxiety and related symptoms include other antihistamines, benzodiazepines, serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and non-benzodiazepine sleep medications. Discuss options with your doctor.

19. Is there a generic version of Atarax?

    • Yes, Atarax is available in its generic form, hydroxyzine, which is often more affordable and equally effective as the brand-name version.

20. Where can I find more information about Atarax?

    • More information can be obtained from your healthcare provider, pharmacist, or by reading the patient information leaflet that comes with the medication. Reliable health websites can also provide additional details.