Calcitonin is injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly. A healthcare provider will determine a proper dosage and frequency, depending on the condition for which the drug is used. The general guidelines include the following:

Administration: In most cases, the healthcare provider gives the injection, but a patient is taught to do it independently in some situations. Therefore, the right procedure in administering the injection should be sought from the healthcare provider.

For Osteoporosis: Typical initial dose of calcitonin would be 100 units taken subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Patients may be reduced in doses after a period of starting treatment, depending on individual response to the treatment.

For Paget’s Disease of Bone: The usual amount for Paget’s disease is 100 units of calcitonin per day for several weeks, contingent upon the patient’s diagnosis and physician’s prescription.

For Hypercalcemia: This drug can be administered at higher doses initially, particularly if the calcium levels are seriously high, under the doctor’s supervision.

Calcitonin acts through its ability to decrease blood calcium levels by directly influencing bone metabolism and calcium excretion:

Bone Activity Inhibition: Calcitonin binds to specific receptors within the osteoclast cells, which are responsible for breaking down bone tissue. By inhibiting the bone-destructive activity of osteoclasts, calcitonin allows for a reduction in resorptive activity of the calcium from the bones into the circulating fluid. This increases the thickness of the bones and gives decreased possibility toward fractures.

It increases the renal excretion of calcium. This way, calcitonin decreases the calcium levels in the blood.

Decrease in Blood Calcium Levels: Through inhibition of bone resorption and enhancing renal excretion of calcium, calcitonin reduces the blood calcium levels, which is useful for hypercalcemia conditions, that is, an increase in the blood calcium level.

Although calcitonin is often well tolerated, it has side effects, especially during long-term treatment. These include, in order of frequency of occurrence

Site reactions of the injection: Inflammation, swelling, or redness at the injection site.

Nausea: Nausea is not infrequent during the start of treatment in some patients.

Flushing: Many patients feel hot or flushed after the injection.

Rare instances: Calcitonin is likely to cause hypocalcemia, which would cause muscle cramps and spasms, numbness, and tingling as results.

Bone pain: Some patients, when starting the treatment, have experienced bone or joint pain.

Reduced Efficacy: The body may eventually cease to respond to calcitonin, which reduces its effect on the underlying condition being treated.

Osteoporosis: There is evidence that calcitonin injection therapy has been linked with osteoporosis in some individuals, especially when the treatments are administered for a long duration.

Patients must first be aware of the necessary warnings and precautions when undertaking calcitonin injections by a healthcare provider.

Kidney problems: Use calcitonin with care in people with kidney problems. Because calcitonin may impair calcium absorption, it might increase blood calcium levels.

 Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Use calcitonin during pregnancy only if the potential benefits justify the potential risks. There is no information regarding whether calcitonin crosses the placenta or whether the drug is excreted in breast milk. Avoid use of calcitonin during breastfeeding.

Allergic Reactions: It should not be used by patients allergic to salmon or fish proteins since it is derived from salmon.

Long-Term Use: Its long-term use should be monitored to determine the risk of developing tolerance or other complications.

Lithium: Calcitonin may reduce the effectiveness of lithium, increasing the risk of lithium toxicity due to altered renal excretion.

Diuretics (e.g., Thiazides): When combined with diuretics, calcitonin may enhance calcium reabsorption, which could lead to hypercalcemia.

Aluminum-based Antacids: Taking calcitonin with aluminum-containing antacids may increase the risk of hypocalcemia by affecting calcium absorption and regulation.

Corticosteroids: Long-term corticosteroid use can interfere with calcium metabolism, possibly reducing calcitonin’s ability to prevent bone loss or treat osteoporosis effectively.

The usual dosage of calcitonin injection varies with the condition treated:

For Osteoporosis: Begin with 100 units per day via subcutaneous or intramuscular injection.

For Paget’s Disease of Bone: Start with 100 units a day for a few weeks, and then maintenance doses

For Hypercalcemia: Dosage of 200 to 400 units a day can be needed in the severe cases but should be altered with calcium levels

A healthcare provider may modify the dosage depending on an individual’s needs and reactions.

Calcitonin is prescribed by a doctor, and a healthcare provider should evaluate the patient’s medical condition and determine the appropriate dosage and administration schedule. It is also necessary to visit a healthcare provider regularly for monitoring of calcium levels, kidney function, and overall response to the treatment.

1. What is Calcitonin injection?

   • Calcitonin injection is a synthetic form of the hormone calcitonin, which helps regulate calcium levels in the body and is commonly used to treat conditions like osteoporosis and Paget’s disease.

2. What conditions are treated with Calcitonin injection?

   • It is primarily used to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, Paget’s disease of bone, and hypercalcemia.

3. How is Calcitonin administered?

   • Calcitonin is typically administered via subcutaneous injection (under the skin) or intramuscular injection, and it may also be available as a nasal spray.

4. What are the common side effects of Calcitonin injection?

   • Common side effects include nausea, flushing, irritation at the injection site, and nasal discomfort if using a nasal spray.

5. Can Calcitonin injection cause any serious side effects?

   • Serious side effects can include allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, or swelling, and in rare cases, it may affect kidney function.

6. Is Calcitonin injection safe for everyone?

   • While many can safely use Calcitonin, it may not be suitable for those with certain allergies, kidney issues, or specific medical conditions. Always consult a healthcare provider.

7. How often is Calcitonin injection administered?

   • The frequency of administration varies by condition and patient. It is often given daily or every other day as directed by a healthcare provider.

8. Can Calcitonin injection be used during pregnancy?

   • The safety of calcitonin during pregnancy is not well-studied. Pregnant individuals should consult their healthcare provider before use.

9. How does Calcitonin work in the body?

   • Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels and helps increase bone density by inhibiting osteoclast activity, which are the cells that break down bone.

10. Are there alternatives to Calcitonin injection?

    • Yes, alternatives include bisphosphonates, hormone replacement therapy, and other medications that also help manage osteoporosis or related conditions.

11. How should Calcitonin injection be stored?

    • It should be stored in the refrigerator and protected from light. Once in use, check specific handling instructions.

12. What should I do if I miss a dose of Calcitonin?

    • If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and return to your regular schedule. Never double the dose.

13. Can Calcitonin injection interact with other medications?

    • Yes, Calcitonin may interact with certain medications. Always inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

14. Is there a risk of dependency on Calcitonin?

    • There is no evidence to suggest dependency on Calcitonin, but long-term efficacy and safety should be monitored by a healthcare professional.

15. What should I do if I experience side effects?

    • Report any side effects to your healthcare provider. They may adjust your treatment or suggest ways to manage side effects.

16. Can Calcitonin injection help relieve pain?

    • Calcitonin has been reported to have analgesic properties and may help alleviate bone pain in conditions like osteoporosis and Paget’s disease.

17. How long does it take to see results from Calcitonin injection?

    • Patients may start to see improvements in bone density and relieve symptoms within weeks, but it may vary based on individual response and treatment plan.

18. Is Calcitonin effective for all patients?

    • Effectiveness can vary among patients. Some may experience significant benefits, while others may have limited response. Regular monitoring is essential.

19. What lifestyle changes should accompany Calcitonin treatment?

    • A healthy diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular weight-bearing exercise, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol can enhance treatment benefits.

20. Where can I learn more about Calcitonin injection?

    • For more information, consult your healthcare provider, visit reputable medical websites, or contact pharmaceutical companies producing Calcitonin.