| Common Brands | PhosLo, Phoslyra (brands no longer available) |
|---|---|
|
Drug Class |
Phosphate binder |
|
Controlled Substance Classification |
Not a controlled medication |
|
Generic Status |
Lower-cost generic available |
|
Availability |
Prescription only |
Calcium acetate is a chemical compound used as a calcium supplement and in certain medical conditions to control phosphate levels in the body. It is commonly found in medications prescribed to individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to reduce phosphate buildup in the blood.
In addition to its medical uses, calcium acetate is sometimes used in the food industry as a preservative and stabilizer. It serves as a supplement that gives the body calcium, an essential mineral that helps in maintaining bone health, muscle function, and other biological processes.
Dosage: Dosage of calcium acetate is according to the patient’s condition and the cause for its administration. For the control of phosphate in kidney disease, a usual starting dose is 667 mg with meals that yields around 169 mg of elemental calcium. Dosage is titrated according to the patient’s phosphate levels and calcium balance.
Administration: Calcium acetate is usually taken in tablet or gel capsule form with meals. It’s important to take the medication exactly as prescribed, and not to take more than the recommended dosage to avoid complications like hypercalcemia (high calcium levels) and kidney stones.
Monitor phosphate and calcium levels: Phosphate and calcium levels in the blood need to be monitored regularly, especially in patients who are receiving calcium acetate for phosphate binding. The physician may then adjust the dosage according to the results to ensure that phosphate levels are controlled without elevating calcium levels too high.
The mechanism of action of calcium acetate is two-fold:
Phosphate Binding: Upon ingestion with meals, calcium acetate binds to phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract. This interaction forms an insoluble calcium phosphate complex, which then remains in the stool instead of being absorbed into the blood. This helps lower the levels of phosphate in patients suffering from kidney disease, since renal function is impaired in them, thus preventing complications due to hyperphosphatemia.
Calcium Supplementation: Calcium acetate, like any other calcium supplement, provides the body with calcium, which is vital for the health of bones, teeth, muscles, and nerves. It helps to restore or maintain calcium balance in individuals who are deficient in calcium due to dietary insufficiencies or certain medical conditions.
As any medication or supplement, calcium acetate has side effects, and not everyone will experience them, but common and serious are:
Gastrointestinal Upset: Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, constipation, and stomach upset, which can be minimized by taking the medication with food and consuming plenty of fluids.
Hypercalcemia: Too much calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) may occur if the dose of calcium acetate is too high, especially if the individual is already taking other calcium supplements or has impaired kidney function. Symptoms of hypercalcemia include nausea, vomiting, constipation, confusion, and irregular heart rhythms.
Kidney Stones: Long-term use of calcium acetate or other calcium-containing medications may increase the risk of kidney stones, especially in patients with a history of stone formation or who have elevated calcium levels.
Hyperphosphatemia: If the dose of calcium acetate is not adjusted appropriately, it may not lower phosphate levels sufficiently, leading to persistent hyperphosphatemia, which can cause bone problems or cardiovascular issues.
Interaction with Medications: Calcium acetate interacts with some medications, such as certain antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline) and drugs for iron deficiency. Inform your doctor of all medications you are taking to avoid interactions.
Kidney Function: Patients with impaired kidney function should use calcium acetate cautiously because their ability to excrete calcium may be impaired, increasing the risk of hypercalcemia.
Blood Calcium: Monitoring of calcium level should be done regularly, particularly if it is used for more extended periods. The dose can be modified according to the laboratory result of blood tests.
Pregnancy and Breast-Feeding: Calcium acetate is usually safe for use in pregnant and breastfeeding women provided appropriate quantities are used. It should however be consulted with the provider before its use.
The dosage of Calcium Acetate will depend on the individual’s condition and phosphate levels. Generally, adults will start with a dosage of around 1,334 mg with each meal, taken three times a day. Your doctor will monitor your phosphate levels and adjust the dose as needed.
Calcium Acetate is typically available by prescription and is commonly prescribed to individuals with chronic kidney disease or those undergoing dialysis. It is essential to follow the prescribed dosage and schedule provided by your healthcare provider.
If you are unsure whether this medication is suitable for you, or if you have other health conditions that could affect its use, consult your healthcare provider for guidance.
Calcium acetate is a chemical compound used as a food additive, in pharmaceuticals, and as a dietary supplement. It is the calcium salt of acetic acid.
Calcium acetate is primarily used as a dietary supplement to treat calcium deficiencies, in food preservation, and as a buffering agent in various pharmaceuticals.
Calcium acetate helps maintain adequate calcium levels, which is essential for bone health, muscle function, and nerve transmission.
While generally safe for most people, those with certain health conditions, especially kidney issues, should consult a healthcare provider before use.
Possible side effects can include gastrointestinal issues like upset stomach, nausea, or constipation. More serious side effects might occur in those with underlying conditions.
Yes, Calcium Acetate can interact with certain medications, including antibiotics and phosphate binders. Always consult a healthcare professional about potential interactions.
It is typically taken orally with meals to enhance absorption, but the specific dosage should be determined by a healthcare provider.
Yes, Calcium Acetate is generally considered suitable for vegetarians and vegans as it is synthetically produced.
Calcium Acetate is absorbed more efficiently and less likely to cause gastrointestinal side effects compared to Calcium Carbonate, making it a preferred choice in certain medical scenarios.
Calcium Acetate can be used in cooking and food preservation, particularly as a stabilizer or thickener, but consultation regarding its appropriate use in recipes is advisable.
Yes, Calcium Acetate is often added to various processed foods as a firming agent and as a source of calcium fortification.
Calcium Acetate is available in various forms, including powder, tablets, and as an injectable solution for medical use.
It is typically produced through the reaction of calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide with acetic acid.
Yes, Calcium Acetate is commonly used to control hyperphosphatemia in patients with kidney disease, helping to lower phosphate levels.
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume your normal schedule. Do not double up.
The dosage varies depending on individual health needs and should be determined by a healthcare provider, especially for those with specific health conditions.
Calcium Acetate should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and heat to maintain its efficacy.
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a healthcare provider before using Calcium Acetate to ensure safety for themselves and their child.
Calcium Acetate itself is not found in foods; however, calcium can be obtained from dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods.
Yes, excessive intake can lead to hypercalcemia (high calcium levels in the blood) and other health complications, emphasizing the importance of adhering to recommended dosages.
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